Effects of screen exposure on language skills in children / 中华儿科杂志

Objective: To investigate the association between screen exposure and language skills in children aged 2-5 years. Methods: There were 299 children aged 2-5 years, recruited by convenience sampling from those who visited the Center of Children's Healthcare, Children's Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics for routine physical examination from November 2020 to November 2021. Their development status were evaluated by the children neuropsychological and behavioral scale (revision 2016). A self-designed questionnaire for parents was conducted to collect demographic and socioeconomic information and screen exposure characteristics (time and quality). One-way ANOVA and independent sample t test were applied to compare the differences in language development quotient of children with different screen exposure time and quality. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the correlation between screen exposure time and quality with language developmental quotient. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk of language underdevelopment in children with different screen exposure time and quality. Results: Among 299 children, 184 (61.5%) were boys and 115 (38.5%) were girls, with the age of (3.9±1.1) years. The number of children with daily screen time <60, 60-120 and>120 min was 163 children (54.5%), 86 children (28.8%) and 50 children (16.7%), respectively, with the language development quotients of 94±13, 90±13, 84±14, respectively, demonstrating a statistically significant difference (F=8.92, P<0.001). Logistic regression analysis revealed that screen exposure time of 60-120 and >120 min per day were both risk factors for children's language developmental quotients (OR=2.28, 95%CI 1.00-5.17, P=0.043; OR=3.96, 95%CI 1.86-9.17, P<0.001), and co-viewing and exposure to educational programs were both protective factors for children's language developmental quotients (OR=0.48, 95%CI 0.25-0.91, P=0.024, OR=0.36, 95%CI 0.19-0.70, P=0.003). Conclusions: Excessive exposure screen time and inappropriate screen exposure habits are associated with children's poorer language development. Screen exposure time should be limited and screen use should be rational to promote children's language skills.

Regulation of Baicalin on Growth of Extranodal NK/T Cell Lymphoma Cells through FOXO3/CCL22 Signaling Pathway / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of baicalin on the growth of extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma (ENKTCL) cells and its related mechanism.@*METHODS@#Normal NK cells and human ENKTCL cells lines SNK-6 and YTS were cultured, then SNK-6 and YTS cells were treated with 5, 10, 20 μmol/L baicalin and set control. Cell proliferation and apoptosis was detected by Edu method and FCM method, respectively, and expressions of BCL-2, Bax, FOXO3 and CCL22 proteins were detected by Western blot. Interference plasmids were designed and synthesized. FOXO3 siRNA interference plasmids and CCL22 pcDNA overexpression plasmids were transfected with PEI transfection reagent. Furthermore, animal models were established for validation.@*RESULTS@#In control group and 5, 10, 20 μmol/L baicalin group, the proliferation rate of SNK-6 cells was (56.17±2.96)%, (51.92±4.63)%, (36.42±1.58)%, and (14.60±2.81)%, respectively, while that of YTS cells was (58.85±2.98)%, (51.38±1.32)%, (34.75±1.09)%, and (15.45±1.10)%, respectively. In control group and 5, 10, 20 μmol/L baicalin group, the apoptosis rate of SNK-6 cells was (5.93±0.74)%, (11.78±0.34)%, (28.46±0.44)%, and (32.40±0.37)%, respectively, while that of YTS cells was (7.93±0.69)%, (16.29±1.35)%, (33.91±1.56)%, and (36.27±1.06)%, respectively. Compared with control group, the expression of BCL-2 protein both in SNK-6 and YTS cells decreased significantly (P<0.001), and the expression of Bax protein increased in SNK-6 cells only when the concentration of baicalin was 20 μmol/L (P<0.001), while that in YTS cells increased in all three concentrations(5, 10, 20 μmol/L) of baicalin (P<0.001). The expression of FOXO3 protein decreased while CCL22 protein increased in ENKTCL cell lines compared with human NK cells (P<0.001), but the expression of FOXO3 protein increased (P<0.01) and CCL22 protein decreased after baicalin treatment (P<0.001). Animal experiments showed that baicalin treatment could inhibit tumor growth. The expression of CCL22 protein in ENKTCL tissue of nude mice treated with baicalin decreased compared with control group (P<0.01), while the FOXO3 protein increased (P<0.05). In addition, FOXO3 silencing resulted in the decrease of FOXO3 protein expression and increase of CCL22 protein expression (P<0.01, P<0.001).@*CONCLUSION@#Baicalin can inhibit proliferation and promote apoptosis of ENKTCL cell lines SNK-6 and YTS, up-regulate the expression of Bax protein, down-regulate the expression of BCL-2 protein, and down-regulate the expression of CCL22 protein mediated by FOXO3. Animal experiment shown that the baicalin can inhibit tumor growth. Baicalin can inhibit the growth and induce apoptosis of ENKTCL cells through FOXO3/CCL22 signaling pathway.

Research Progress in Pathogenesis of Hypertension in Acute Intermittent Porphyria / 中国医学科学院学报

Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) has complicated clinical manifestations and is often accompanied by hypertension.AIP may cause hypertension through adrenergic effect,heme deficiency,inflammation,inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone,toxicity of delta-aminolevulinic acid(ALA,aporphyrin precursor),and elevated serum glucose level.The prevention and treatment strategies for AIP accompanied with hypertension mainly include the controlling of porphyria attacks,application of antihypertensive drugs,lifestyle intervention,and management of latent AIP patients.

Analysis of neuropsychological development characteristics and influencing factors in children with speech sound disorder / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective: Exploring the neuropsychological developmental characteristics and influencing factors of children with speech disorder. Methods: A case-control study was conducted. A total of 395 children diagnosed with speech disorders were selected as speech sound disorder (SSD) group from January 2019 to September 2021 in the speech-speech outpatient department of the Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics, and 1 179 healthy children who underwent physical examination in the health department during the same period were selected as the control group. All the children were examined by the "Children's Neuropsychological Behavior Scale 2016 Edition" (Children's Mind Scale 2016 edition). Independent sample t test was used to compare the developmental levels of the two groups of children, including total developmental quotient, gross motor, fine motor, adaptive ability, language and social behavior ability. The influential factors of children's speech disorders were analyzed by univariate Chi-square analysis and multivariate logistic regression. Results: There were 395 SSD children, including 296 males and 99 females, 4≤ age ≤6, (4.71±0.76) years. There were 1 179 children in the control group, including 864 males and 315 females, 4≤ age ≤6, (4.64±0.78) years. The mean value of total developmental factors in SSD group was lower than that in control group [(86.45±11.57)/(91.24±8.0), t=-7.78, P<0.01], and the mean values of total developmental markers in both boys and girls in SSD group were lower than those in control group [(86.00±11.40)/(90.78±7.86), t=-6.70, P<0.01; (87.82±12.03)/(92.87±8.49), t=-3.88, P<0.01]. The mean values of gross motor, fine motor, adaptive ability, language ability and social behavior in SSD group were lower than those in control group [(89.76±12.47)/(92.01±10.69), t=-3.21, P<0.01; (80.62±13.64)/(84.49±11.55), t=-5.06, P<0.01; (87.92±15.25)/(92.98±12.06), t=-6.00, P<0.01; (86.48±16.30)/(94.55±12.08), t=-9.04, P<0.01; (87.02±15.18)/(92.63±12.57), t=-6.62, P<0.01]; The mean value of fine motor in boys was lower than that in girls in SSD group [(79.80±13.42)/(83.08±14.05), t=-2.08, P<0.05]. Independent mealtimes. 2 years old (OR=1.527, 95%CI: 1.180-1.977, P=0.001), delay in adding supplemental food (OR=1.510, 95%CI: 1.123-2.029, P=0.006), dialect in the home language environment (OR=1.351, 95%CI: 1.060-1.723, P=0.015) were risk factors for children with speech disorders. Conclusion: Children with speech disorders are more common in boys. The overall development level of SSD children is lower than that of normal children, and the fine motor of SSD boys is lower than that of girls. The incidence of children's speech disorders is related to the addition time of supplementary food, independent meal time and family language environment.

Report of a case of peritoneal mesothelioma caused by occupational asbestos / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical manifestations and diagnostic points of patients with peritoneal mesothelioma caused by occupational asbestos. METHODS: The clinical data of a female patient with peritoneal mesothelioma caused by occupational asbestos and the diagnosis of occupational diseases were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: In 2016, the patient was diagnosed and treated in a number of hospitals in a province due to chest and back pain, persistent cough, suffocation, and foamy sputum. After laparoscopic surgery, the peritoneal biopsy was taken for pathological analysis and diagnosed as peritoneal mesothelioma. In December 2016, she died due to a worsening of her condition and lung infection. The patient′s family requested occupational disease diagnosis in May 2017. After investigation and verification by the local occupational disease diagnosis agency and the Bureau of Industry and Information Technology, it was clear that the patient had a history of occupational exposure to asbestos for a total of 23 years and two months. In July 2018, she was retrospectively diagnosed as an occupational tumor(mesothelioma caused by asbestos). CONCLUSION: A clear history of occupational exposure to asbestos and histopathological examination are helpful for the diagnosis of occupational tumors(mesothelioma caused by asbestos).

MiR-30b Regulates the Cisplatin-Resistance of Human NK/T Cell Lypnphoma Cell Lines SNK-6 and YTS by Targeting the CCL22 / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the effect and mechanism of miR-30b on cisplatin-resistance of human NK/T cell lymphoma lines SNK-6 and YTS cells.@*METHODS@#Normal NK cells, SNK-6 and YTS cells were cultured, the expression levels of miR-30b and macrophage-derived chemokine (CCL22) were detected by real-time PCR assay, and the CCL22 expression was detected by Western blot. The SNK-6 and YTS cells were transfected with miR-30b mimics and inhibitor respectively, then the effect of cisplatin resistance in SNK-6 and YTS cells was measured by MTT assay, the activity of caspase-3 was detected by caspase-3 assay kit, and the cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was used to determine the targeting relationship between miR-30b and CCL22. Furthermore, the effect of CCL22 on cisplatin-resistance and caspase-3 actirity was also evaluated.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the normal NK cells, the expression levels of miR-30b significantly decreased in both SNK-6 and YTS cells (P＜0.01), but CCL22 mRNA expression increase in both cells (P＜0.01). MiR-30b mimics decreased the cell activity (P＜0.05), down-regulated the cisplatin-resistance (P＜0.05), and increased cell apoptosis and caspase-3 activity (P＜0.05). The effects of miR-30b inhibitor were contrary to the mimics. Up-regulation of miR-30b expression significantly decreased the luciferase activity in CCL22 3'-UTR-transfected NK cells, but not in Mut-CCL22 3'UTR group, suggesting that CCL22 could act as a direct target of miR-30b. The expressions of CCL22 pathway proteins were down-regulated after SNK-6 cells transfected with miR-30b mimics (P＜0.05), while this effect was restored by overexpression of CCL22. Moreover, CCL22 overexpression also increased the cell activity and decreased caspase-3 activity when SNK-6 cells were transfected with miR-30b mimics.@*CONCLUSION@#MiR-30b inhibits cisplatin-resistance of human NK/TCL SNK-6 and YTS cells by targeting CCL22.

Application of percutaneous vertebroplasty with the second injection for poor dispersion bone cement of Kümmel disease / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate clinical effect of percutaneous vertebroplasty with second injection for poor dispersion bone cement of Kümmel disease.@*METHODS@#Eighty-eight patients with Kümmel disease were treated with vertebroplasty from February 2014 to December 2017, and 16 patients were found cement dispersion unsatisfactory during initial cement injection and were undertaken second cement injection during operation. Among patients, there were 1 male and 15 females aged from 63 to 82 years old with an average age of 72.7 years old. Distribution of fractured vertebrae were followed: 1 patient was on T₁₀, 1 patient was on T₁₁, 3 patients were on T₁₂, 8 patients were on L₁, 1 patient was on L₂, and 2 patients were on L₃. VAS and ODI score were compared before operation, 2 days after operation and the latest following-up, anterior vertebral height and local kyphosis angle of fractured vertebrae with intravertebral cleft were also observed. Postoperative complication was recorded.@*RESULTS@#All patients were followed up from 5 to 22 months with average of 14.1 months. ODI score before operation, 2 days after operation and the latest following-up were 72.3±12.1, 56.8±5.0 and 12.1±5.3 respectively; VAS score before operation, 2 days after operation and the latest following-up were 7.8±0.6, 3.0±0.4 and 2.4±0.7, respectively; ODI score at 2 days was improved compared with before operation, while ODI and VAS score at the latest following-up was improved than that of 2 days after operation. Vertebral anterior compression rate and Cobb angle of the fractured vertebrae with intravertebral cleft were respectively corrected from (37.8±5.4)% and (15.1±2.0)°preoperative, to (4.7±1.4)% and (4.4±2.2)° at 2 days after operation, (4.9±1.5)% and (4.8±2.4)° at the latest following-up, there was significant difference between before operation and 2 days after operation, while there was no difference between 2 days after operation and the latest following-up. Three patients occurred cement leakage without pulmonary embolism and neurological impairment. Four patients occurred adjacent vertebrae fracture. There was no incidence of recollapsed vertebrae during follow-up period.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Percutaneous vertebroplasty for Kümmel disease could receive satisfactory clinical results when cement dispersion was inadequate during initial cement injection by the second injection, and effectively prevent occurrence of vertebral re-collapse.

Evaluation of swallowing function after cricohyoidoepiglottopexy / 局解手术学杂志

Objective To investigate the evaluation ways and effects of swallowing function after cricohyoidoepiglottopexy(CHEP). Methods Selected 92 patients of glottic carcinoma who were admitted into hospital from February 2014 to January 2017,and all the patients were given cricohyoidoepiglottopexy(CHEP)therapy and function reconstruction.Modified barium swallow(MBS),modified penetration as-piration scale(MPAS),and fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing(FEES)were applied after the surgery.And the prognosis of patients was followed up.Results There was one patient who was not able to extubate,and the extubation time of tracheaostomy tube and stomach tube were respectively(12.04 ±5.42)week and(8.00 ±2.19)d among the remaining 91 cases.Three months after operation,the laryngeal function were good in 84 cases,moderate in 6 cases and poor in 2 cases,the incidence of complications was 6.5%.The fundamental frequency and fundamental frequency perturbation three months after operation were significantly lower than thos before operation(P<0.05). With the extension of postoperative time,the MPAS score of patients with MBS and FEES evaluation were obviously decreased(P<0.05). The MBS assessment score were respectively(3.87 ±0.98)points,(1.64 ±0.65)points,(1.09 ±0.33)points at 15 days,30 days and 60 days after operation.The FEES evaluation score were respectively(3.27 ±1.33)points,(1.73 ±1.11)points,(1.18 ±0.89)points at 15 days,30 days and 60 days after operation.With the MBS assessment as the gold standard,the sensitivity of FEES assessment to normal,false aspiration and aspiration were 100%,76.7%and 86.7%,respectively,and the specificity were 86.7%,97.1% and 98.3%,respectively. Conclusion The cricohyoidoepiglottopexy and laryngeal defect repair in the treatment of glottic carcinoma can effectively preserve the laryn -geal function,reduce the incidence of postoperative complications,improve pronunciation function,and the FEES and MBS evaluation of laryn-geal function have good accuracy,and they have good clinical significance to understand the degree of postoperative aspiration.

Correlation Study Between CDKN2B-AS1 Gene Polymorphism and Female Premature Coronary Artery Disease Occurrence / 中国循环杂志

Objective:To explore the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs4977574 in CDKN2B-AS1 gene and female premature coronary artery disease (pCAD) occurrence. Methods: Our research included 2 groups: pCAD group, n=226 consecutive patients≤65 years of age and Control group, n=79 subjects with matched age,without CAD. The genotype of CDKN2B-AS1 SNP rs4977574 was detected by SNaPshot. Blood levels of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), uric acid (UA), fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were examined; relationships between rs4977574 polymorphism and the above parameters were assessed. Results: Compared to Control group, pCAD group had increased blood levels of TG, UA, FPG and HbA1c, P<0.05. With adjusted age, body mass index (BMI), relevant disease history and risk factors, elevated HbA1c (HbA1c>6.2%) obviously increased the risk of female pCAD occurrence (OR=3.35, 95%CI 1.41-8.00, P=0.006). The genotype and allele frequency of rs4977574 were different between pCAD group and Control group, P<0.05. Compared to Control group, pCAD group had the higher frequency of G allele(OR=1.24, 95%CI 1.05-1.48, P=0.019); further analysis found that rs4977574 polymorphism was related to high HbA1c. Compared to AA genotype, GG+GA genotype had the increased incidence of high HbA1c(OR=2.08, 95%CI 1.11-3.89, P=0.022). Conclusion: CDKN2B-AS1 SNP rs4977574 was related to female pCAD occurrence and it was also related to high HbA1c.

Effect of Ranibizumab intravitreal injection before 23 G - vitrectomy surgery in the treatment of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To analyze the effect of preoperative intravitreal injection of Ranibizumab ( lVR ) in patients undergoing pars plana vitrectomy ( PPV ) for proliferative diabetic retinopathy ( PDR) . ●METHODS:ln this retrospective research, 62 patients (67 eyes ) with PDR in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from Jun. 2014 to Jun. 2015 were recruited. They were assigned to an experimental group ( n=37 eyes ) and a control group ( n=30 eyes ) . The patients in experimental group were given 1 injection of lVR ( Lucentis 1. 0mg/0. 1mL ) 1wk before surgery, whereas those in control group went down to surgery directly. The average operation time, iatrogenic breaks, the use of tamponade, electric coagulation, and vision increase rate were comparatively analyzed between two groups. ●RESULTS:The average operation time was (91. 7±20. 8) min in the experimental group vs (117. 6±18. 6)min in the PPV group(t = -5. 314,P ●CONCLUSION:lVR before microincision vitrectomy can effectively shorten the operation time, reduce the use of electric coagulation and intraocular tamponade, and improve the rate of visual improvement for PDR patients.

In vivo Cell CFSE Fluorescence Negative Staining for Detection of Super Paramagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Phagocytosed by Mouse Mononuclear Macrophage Leukemia Cells-RAW264.7 / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the feasibility and fluorescence characteristics of CFSE negative staining for in vivo cell imaging of super paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIO) phagocytosed by mouse mononuclear macrophage leukemia cells-RAW264.7.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>After labeled with SPIO, the RAW264.7 macrophages were stained with Prussian blue stain and CFSE fluorescence negative stain step by step. Furthermore, trypan blue staining was used to evaluate cell viability of cells which stained with CFSE. At last, laser scanning confocal microscope was used to measure SPIO in cells through CFSE fluorescence negative stain method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>SPIO within RAW264.7 macrophages showed blue in Prussian's blue staining, while showed negative area in CFSE negative staining. Good consistencies between Prussian's blue staining and CFSE negative staining were observed. In addition, RAW264.7 macrophages showed high viability after SPIO/CFSE dual-labeled method, proved by typan stain.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The CFSE fluorescence negative staining may be used for detecting SPIO that phagocytosed by RAW264.7 macrophages and it is showed good consistency that confirmed one another when compared to classic Prussian' blue staining.</p>

Jiaotai Pill enhances insulin signaling through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway in skeletal muscle of diabetic rats / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of Jiaotai Pill (, JTP) at different constitutional proportions on insulin signaling through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway in the skeletal muscle of diabetic rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was established by intravenous injection of a small dose of streptozotoein plus high fat diet feeding. JTP at the same dosage of cinnamon and the increasing dosage of Coptis chinensis was administered to diabetic rats for nine weeks respectively. Plasma glucose and insulin levels were assayed. The expressions of proteins were determined by Western blot method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the three formulations of JTP decreased plasma glucose and fasting insulin levels as well as increased the protein expressions of insulin receptor β (InsRβ) subunit, insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), PI3K p85 subunit and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) in skeletal muscle. Meanwhile, JTP increased the tyrosine phosphorylation of InsRβ subunit and IRS-1, and reduced the serine phosphorylation of IRS-1 in skeletal muscle. Interestingly, the effect of JTP on improving insulin sensitivity was not dose-dependent. In contrast, JTP containing the least amount of Coptis chinensis exhibited the best effect.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>JTP at different constitutional proportions attenuates the development of diabetes in a rat model of T2DM. The mechanism might be associated with enhancing insulin signaling through PI3K pathway in the skeletal muscle.</p>

Tenidap is neuroprotective in a pilocarpine rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Tenidap is a liposoluble non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is easily distributed in the central nervous system and also inhibits the production and activity of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and cytokines in vitro. This study aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of tenidap in a pilocarpine rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Tenidap was administered daily at 10 mg/kg for 10 days following pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (SE) in male Wistar rats after which prolonged generalized seizures resulted in TLE. After tenidap treatment, spontaneous recurrent seizures (SRSs) were recorded by video monitoring (for 7 hours per day for 14 days). The frequency and severity of the SRSs were observed. Histological and immunocytochemical analyses were used to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of tenidap and detect COX-2 expression, which may be associated with neuronal death.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were 46.88 ± 10.70 survival neurons in tenidap-SE group, while there were 27.60 ± 5.18 survival neurons in saline-SE group at -2.4 mm field in the CA3 area. There were 37.75 ± 8.78 survival neurons in tenidap-SE group, while there were 33.40 ± 8.14 survival neurons in saline-SE group at -2.4 mm field in the CA1 area. Tenidap treatment significantly reduced neuronal damage in the CA3 area (P < 0.05) and slightly reduced damage in the CA1 area. Tenidap markedly inhibited COX-2 expression in the hippocampus, especially in the CA3 area.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Tenidap conferred neuroprotection to the CA3 area in a pilocarpine-induced rat model of TLE by inhibiting COX-2 expression.</p>

Regulating effects of whole-body vibration on protein expression of p-GSK3β in bone marrow cells of ovariectomized osteoporosis rats / 生理学报

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of whole-body vibration on Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in bone marrow cells of ovariectomized osteoporosis rats. Thirty-six healthy 3-month old female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into the following three groups by body weight: sham-operation (Sham), ovariectomized (OVX), and OVX whole-body vibration (WBV) groups. Ten weeks after ovariectomization, the rats of WBV group received vibration treatment (90 Hz, 15 min) twice per day. At the end of 8-week vibration, the whole-body bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition were detected by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) in vivo. The protein expressions of β-catenin and p-GSK3β in both bone marrow cells and bone marrow stromal cells were detected by Western blot. The results showed that, compared with OVX group, WBV group showed decreased fat mass and fat mass content, as well as increased lean body mass content. The BMD of the proximal tibia in WBV group was significantly higher than that in OVX group, however, there was no difference of BMD in whole-body and other positions between the two groups. The β-catenin expression in bone marrow stromal cells showed no difference between OVX and WBV groups. The p-GSK3β expression of bone marrow cells was increased in WBV group compared with that in OVX group, whereas bone marrow stromal cells from two groups did not exhibit the difference of the p-GSK3β expression. These results suggest that whole body vibration can stimulate the protein expression of p-GSK3β in bone marrow cells of ovariectomized osteoporosis rats, which could improve the bone loss induced by ovariectomization.

Chinese version of a face version of the modified child dental anxiety scale: transcultural adaptation and evaluation / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop the Chinese version of a face version of the modified child dental anxiety scale (MCDASf) and test the reliability and validity of MCDASf.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The English version of MCDASf was translated and back-translated, as well as crosscultural adapted by the method of psychometrics to develop the Chinese version of MCDASf. Subsequently the Chinese version schedule was randomly investigated among 245 kindergarten children and school children aged greater than 4 and less than 12 years on two separate occasions 3 weeks apart to determine the reliability. A total of 248 children attending Pediatrics Dentistry of Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology aged greater than 4 and less than 12 years old were selected and completed the Chinese version of MCDASf and the Chinese version of modified Children's fear survey schedule-dental subscale (CFSS-DS) before treatment to determine the validity. Then we rated the children's behavior during dental treatment by Venham's clinical anxiety rating scale and cooperative behavior rating scale to evaluate the relation between self-assessed dental anxiety scores and the behavioral reaction during the dental treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In reliability study, 98.0% of 250 children completed the MCDASf. In validity study, 99.2% of 248 children completed the MCDASf. Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the translated scale was 0.814 and the test-retest reliability was 0.907. Principal component analysis of the translated scale confirmed that the scale consisted of a single unidimensional construct. The Chinese version of MCDASf significantly was correlated with the Chinese version of modified CFSS-DS (r = 0.843, P < 0.01) . It was also correlated with Venham's clinic anxiety rating scale and cooperative behavior rating scale (r = 0.675, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The Chinese version of MCDASf demonstrated good reliability and validity and can be used as a simple self-report measurement of dental anxiety in Chinese children aged 4-11 years.</p>

GRP78 expression in gastric cancer and its clinical significance / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical value of the expression of glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78) for assessment of severity, chemoresistance and prognosis in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma ( GC) .</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A cohort of 237 patients with gastric cancer was included in this study. 160 patients of them were treated by D2 radical gastrectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy. The GRP78 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry and 80 patients of them were tested in vitro for cancer chemosensitivity by ATP-tumor chemosensitivity assay (ATP-TCA). In addition, the relationships were analyzed between GRP78 and age, gender, tumor differentiation, invasion, disease stage, lymph node metastasis and chemoresistance as well as disease-free survival (DFS).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive rate of GRP78 expression in the gastric adenocarcinoma was 68.8% before the initiation of chemotherapy. The positive GRP78 expression was significantly correlated with tumor invasion depth, poor differentiation, TNM stages, and lymph node metastasis (all P < 0.05), not correlated with gender and age, and high GRP78 expression was associated with the chemoresistance of the gastric cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents. Negative GRP78 expression was associated with higher sensitivity to both drugs and regimens. The DFS of GRP78-positive group and GRP78-negative group was (53.6 ± 0.9) months and (38.3 ± 0.8) months, respectively (P = 0.041). Interestingly, subgroup analysis revealed that the DFS in GRP78-negative and-positive patients treated with taxane-containing chemotherapy was (58.6 ± 2.6) months and (49.1 ± 2.7) months, respectively, but the difference was statistically not significant (P = 0.111). In contrast, in the subset of GRP78-negative and- positive patients treated with taxane-containing regimens, the DFS was (45.5 ± 1.9) months and (35.1 ± 2.2) months, respectively, showing a significant difference (P = 0.038). In the group of patients with positive GRP78 expression, the patients treated with taxane-containing chemotherapy had a longer DFS [(49.1 ± 2.7) months] than those without that treatment [(35.1 ± 2.2) months], showing a significant difference (P = 0.017). Univariate analysis revealed that DFS was correlated with histological grade, GRP78 expression and lymph node metastasis (all P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that GRP78 expression and TNM staging were independent influencing factors for gastric cancer (both P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The results of our study suggest that GRP78 may be a novel biomarker for assessment of malignant degree and prediction of chemoresistance in gastric cancer, and may be helpful to chemotherapy planning and prognosis prediction in patients with gastric cancer.</p>

Digital anatomy of the perforator flap in the thigh / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To provide algorithmic morphological data that enables safe elevation of the flow-through perforator flap, chimeric perforator flap in the thigh.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>15 fresh cadavers were injected with a modified lead oxide-gelatin mixture for three-dimensional reconstruction using a spiral computed tomography scanner and specialized volume-rendering software (MIMICS). All of specimens were then dissected by layers. Angiography and photography were used to document the precise course, size, location, and type of individual perforators in the thigh region. The surface areas of cutaneous territories and perforator zones were measured and calculate with Photoshop and Scion Image.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The main artery supplying the thigh is femoral artery. There are (41 +/- 4.0) perforators whose outer diameters > or = 0.5 mm. These perforators have a superficial pedicle length of (4.2 +/- 1.7) cm. The average outer diameter is (0.8 +/- 0.1) mm. Each perforator supplies an average area of (44 +/- 6.4) cm2. There are lots of truly anastomoses among perforaors to form a subcutaneous network in the thigh.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The volume rendering technique is very useful for showing the subcutaneous network and preoperative flap design. The thigh appears to have the greatest potential for harvesting new or modified perforator flaps, especially, flow-through perforator flap or chimeric perforator flap.</p>

Observation on therapeutic alliance with UDCA and glucocorticoids in AIH-PBC overlap syndrome / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the efficacy of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) combined with glucocorticoids in the treatment of autoimmune hepatitis-primary biliary cirrhosis (AIH-PBC) overlap syndrome.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>19 patients with AIH-PBC overlap syndrome were divided randomly into two groups: initiate combined group and initiate UDCA-monotherapy group. Biochemical responses and pathological features before and after treatment were analyzed retrospectively with student's t test, Wilcoxon rank sum test and Fisher's exact method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the initiate combination group, biochemical responses in terms of AIH features (ALT decline to normal, IgG is less than or equal to 16 g/L) and PBC features (ALP decline ≥ 40% or to normal) were achieved. In UDCA-monotherapy group, no statistical difference existed in biochemical responses before adding glucocorticoids, whereas the levels of ALT, AST, GLB and IgG decreased significantly when combined with glucocorticoids. No statistical difference of rates of biochemical responses eixted between the two groups, whereas variance could be seen in different pathological stages. Alleviation of inflammatory infiltration after therapy appeared in 3 patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Combination therapy of UDCA with glucocorticoids could be suitable for AIH-PBC overlap syndrome. Early treatment is of benefit for achieving better biochemical response and pathological improvement.</p>

Acetylsalicylic acid strengthens the effects of ANISpm against hepatocellular carcinoma and its molecular mechanism / 药学学报

The objective of this study is to examine the effects of ANISpm, a novel polyamine naphthalimide conjugate, with acetylsalicylic acid against hepatocellular carcinoma in vivo and in vitro and elucidate its potential molecular mechanism. The proliferation inhibition was detected by MTT assay. Cell apoptosis, intracellular fluorescence intensity and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were detected by high content screening (HCS) analysis. Polyamines content was analyzed by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography Protein expression levels were quantified by Western blotting assay. The combination treatment strongly inhibited cell proliferation, induced cell apoptosis in HepG2 cells and H22 hepatoma cells, which was mediated by enhanced ANISpm uptake via up-regulation of spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase (SSAT) and depression of intracellular polyamine. Furthermore, this synergistic apoptosis was involved in mitochondria and death-receptor signal pathway. All these findings demonstrated that the combination treatment with acetylsalicylic acid and ANISpm resulted in synergistic antitumor effects on hepatoma cells. Thus, combination therapy with these agents may be useful as a potential template for the development of better chemotherapeutic strategy against hepatoma.